Vessels - streets of our body

In a few large and infinitely many small arteries and veins the blood flows through our bodies - a total of 6 liters of blood are moved so steadily from the heart. But cardiovascular disease in Germany are the leading cause of death - for hardening of the arteries and put to the vessels.

Complaints

A narrowing in the arteries can be up to a complete closure, or be bleeding. Constricted blood vessels mean circulatory disturbance (ischaemia) with less oxygen and nutrients to the organs - are pain, pallor, and weakness of the consequences. At the heart of it will make coronary heart disease, brain stroke and on the legs, arterial occlusive disease. Typical complaints veins are thick legs after prolonged standing or spider veins and varicose veins. When blood flow is too slow, can form clots - the result is a thrombosis. Thromboses are venous disease, they rarely occur in a calcified and narrowed artery. Also cause variations in blood pressure from the normal range of symptoms: low blood pressure can cause dizziness or circulatory failure, high blood pressure the other hand, heart palpitations, sweating, or nose bleeds - (ask for medical history) and long-term breeding ground for stroke, heart failure and Nierenversagen.Anamnese: All Complaints may be further limited by specific questions. May be pain in the legs after a short distance or only after long walking. Beginning and location of pain (whether under-or thigh) show here, to what extent the clogged arteries. Inspection (viewing) and auscultation (listen): Visible signs of ischemia in the legs is pale. Narrowed carotid arteries sometimes make a whirring noise - and a bulge (aneurysm) of the abdominal aorta can be felt cautious. Blood pressure measurement: the method is a standard part of any investigation - but your blood pressure really is not that easy! Blood and urine tests: risk factors such as high blood sugar, high blood fats or cholesterol values are determined and then controlled by medication. Protein in the urine indicates how much damage has high blood pressure, the kidney. X-ray and ultrasound: In the X-ray tubes can look good when they are filled with contrast. This study is it arteries (angiography) and veins (venography). Modern ultrasound machines are able to represent the blood flow in the vessels and deposits on blood vessel walls, such as lime or blood clots very accurate.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: are used for a stroke or Arterienaussackung used, for example, to determine the spread. High blood pressure or an unhealthy changes in blood components with too much blood sugar, high blood fats and cholesterol and too little homocysteine eventually lead to hardening of the arteries - this is usually the reason for the narrowing of arteries. But a blood clot can block the blood stream. Narrowed arteries leading to a reduced oxygen supply (ischemia) and at worst the death (infarction) of organs. Thus, ischemia of the legs shows in the claudication, ischemia of the heart (CHD) in angina pectoris. A particular problem is the stroke that is caused by ischemia in the brain. But usually an arterial occlusion is responsible for a rare brain hemorrhage. A stroke can follow the announcement by tingling or numbness in arms or legs, paralysis, speech and vision problems. Low blood pressure is annoying - but leads to high blood pressure in the long run to a massive invasion of vessels and has serious consequences such as heart failure, hypertensive retinopathy, or chronic renal failure. An important risk factor for high blood pressure and atherosclerosis is diabetes mellitus dar. During the preliminary stage insulin resistance, the vessels are damaged by high blood sugar. Also plays the risk factor obesity - when the fat is distributed dangerous - an important role in vascular injury. At a aortic aneurysm occurs mostly when the wall of the aorta has been damaged by calcification so that a bulge can occur. Cosmetically unsightly vein disorders ranging from spider veins to an open leg - depending on how strong the veins and venous valves are damaged. If the flow of lymph is disrupted - by injury, radiation (eg for cancer treatment) or by pressure on the lymphatics (eg, tight clothing or a tumor) - there is a swelling of the body part, the Lymphödem.Da vascular diseases often together with the "deadly quartet" occur, the reduction of obesity, drug treatment of dyslipidaemia with statins, treatment of high blood pressure, diabetes or insulin resistance first therapeutic measures. Common medications include beta blockers, to normalize blood pressure and aspirin to reduce the risk of heart attack and to "dilute" the blood. be in compliance with the tablets, the correct administration time, or does the drug is not sufficient. Clogged arteries in the neck, arms and legs today can often be stretched minimally invasive with a catheter - as usual with it at the heart of a cardiac catheter is and how well heart operations are now performed minimally invasive. If the blood flow can not be recovered, dying from the body part - it has to be removed. This results in the legs and arms often phantom pain. After a stroke, optimal care in a stroke unit is especially important to keep the brain damage as small as possible. It seems to ultrasound a promising new treatment to be. Venous disease are treated with different modes of operation - it is desolation, laser therapy and radio waves only a few. Of course there is a specific approach for each disease with drugs or surgery - details can be found at the particular disease.